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Circular product design. A multiple loops life cycle design approach for the circular economy

The circular economy is a high priority subject of discussion in the current political and academic contexts; however, practical approaches in relevant disciplines like design are in need of development. This article proposes a conceptual framework for circular product design, based on four multiple loops strategies: (I) design to slow the loops, (II) design to close the loops, (III) design for bio-inspired loops, and (IV) design for bio-based loops. Recent literature, notably on life cycle design strategies, the circular economy conceptual model and the European Commission’s Circular Economy Package, is reviewed and product design cases illustrating each of the proposed are analysed. The article argues that different ‘circular’ approaches centred upon the life cycle design phases can provide practical guiding strategies during the design process and thus promote sustainable design solutions for the circular economy within the United Nation’s sustainable development goals

Elliptic curves of large rank and small conductor

For r=6,7,...,11 we find an elliptic curve E/Q of rank at least r and the smallest conductor known, improving on the previous records by factors ranging from 1.0136 (for r=6) to over 100 (for r=10 and r=11). We describe our search methods, and tabulate, for each r=5,6,...,11, the five curves of lowest conductor, and (except for r=11) also the five of lowest absolute discriminant, that we found.Comment: 16 pages, including tables and one .eps figure; to appear in the Proceedings of ANTS-6 (June 2004, Burlington, VT). Revised somewhat after comments by J.Silverman on the previous draft, and again to get the correct page break

Experimental evidence of localized oscillations in the photosensitive chlorine dioxide-iodine-malonic acid reaction

The interaction between Hopf and Turing modes has been the subject of active research in recent years. We present here experimental evidence of the existence of mixed Turing-Hopf modes in a two-dimensional system. Using the photosensitive chlorine dioxide-iodine-malonic acid reaction (CDIMA) and external constant background illumination as a control parameter, standing spots oscillating in amplitude and with hexagonal ordering were observed. Numerical simulations in the Lengyel-Epstein model for the CDIMA reaction confirmed the results

Wound Healing. Therapeutics

As feridas crónicas representam um problema grave de saúde pública e uma das causas de grande consumo de recursos em saúde. Recentes avanços no conhecimento do mecanismo de cicatrização levaram ao desenvolvimento de novos tratamentos. Definir o papel e eficácia destes novos tratamentos é o próximo passo. Os autores procuraram neste trabalho abordar algumas terapêuticas, que não terapia compressiva e material de penso, na cicatrização de feridas crónicas

Evaluación del efecto de varios fungicidas sobre la simbiosis micorrícica entre dos especies de Glomus presentes en inóculos comerciales y plántulas de Allium porrum L.

This paper reports the effect of twenty-five commonly used fungicides in agriculture on two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) present in commercial products of ATENS, S.L.: Glomus intraradices (Schenck & Smith) and Glomus mosseae [(Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe], forming the symbiosis with leek plants. Systemic fungicides (Aliette, Beltanol, Caddy 10, Forum, Moncut, Ortiva, Previcur, Ridomil Gold MZ, Ridomil Gold SL, Rubigan, Sinthane, Stroby, Swich, Tachigarem, Teldor, Topas 10 EC, Frupica) and non systemic fungicides (Daconil 75%, Ditiver, Euparem, INACOP, Octagón, Parmex, Terrazole and Metaram), started to be applied to soil and leaves at recommended concentrations and frequencies 4 weeks after transplant and AMF inoculation. The effect of the fungicides was assessed by comparing treated and untreated plants that were inoculated with the AMF through quantification of root mycorrhizal colonization. Among the fungicides applied to the soil, Octagon, Ditiver, Parmex and Metaram virtually eliminated the mycorrhizal symbiosis in treated plants, while the mycorrhizal colonization was not affected by the soil treatment with Beltanol, INACOP and Previcur. Three fungicides of foliar recommended application: Rubigan, Frupica, and Sinthane, strongly inhibited mycorrhizal colonization, but Aliette, Forum, Teldor, Swich and Ortiva, did not seem to reduce it substantially. In addition, the work describes the individual effect of each fungicide applied on both, foliage and soil. Se han evaluado 25 fungicidas comerciales usados comúnmente en agricultura, sobre dos especies de hongos formadores de micorriza arbuscular (HMA) presentes en productos comerciales de ATENS, S.L (Glomus intraradices (Schenck & Smith), y Glomus mosseae [(Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe], en simbiosis con las raíces de plántulas de puerro. Tanto los fungicidas sistémicos (Aliette, Beltanol, Caddy 10, Forum, Moncut, Ortiva, Previcur, Ridomil Gold MZ, Ridomil Gold SL, Rubigan, Sinthane, Stroby, Swich, Tachigarem, Teldor, Topas 10 EC y Frupica) como los no sistémicos (Daconil 75%, Ditiver, Euparem, INACOP, Octagón, Parmex, Terrazole y Metaram), comenzaron a aplicarse al suelo y a las hojas de las plantas, 4 semanas después del trasplante e inoculación con HMA, usando las dosis y frecuencias recomendadas por el fabricante. Se compararon los efectos de los compuestos fungicidas por medio del análisis de la colonización micorrícica de las raíces en plantas tratadas y no tratadas. Los fungicidas ensayados con aplicación recomendada al suelo: Octagón, Ditiver, Parmex y Metaram, eliminaron prácticamente la simbiosis micorriza en las plantas tratadas. Sin embargo, la micorriza no sufrió ningún tipo de afectación con los tratamientos dirigidos a suelo de Beltanol, INACOP y Previcur. Tres de los fungicidas de aplicación recomendadas por vía foliar: Rubigan, Frupica y Sinthane, inhibieron fuertemente la colonización micorrícica, a diferencia de Aliette, Forum, Teldor, Swich y Ortiva, que no parecen inhibirla de manera substancial. Se describe además en el trabajo el efecto individual de cada fungicida, aplicado tanto a nivel foliar como de suelo

Source power estimation for array processing applications under low sample size constraints

Copyright © 2008 IEEE. All Rights Reserved.This paper proposes a new power estimation technique for array processing applications in the low sample size regime. The technique is especially suitable for applications where the direction of arrival (DoA) detection is performed using subspace identification techniques, because the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the sample covariance matrix are already computed for DoA estimation and are therefore available for power estimation as well. The performance of the algorithm is similar to that of the traditional maximum likelihood (ML) power estimation technique, but it is more robust to the presence of outliers in the direction of arrival (DoA) detection process. This is because, contrary to the ML estimator, the proposed power estimator only depends on the signature of the source of interest.Mestre, X., Johnson, B.A. and Abramovich, Y.I